/* Insights: the Academy's educational publication. Dark header and footer from site.css; warm paper for the pages; one accent. */
:root {
  --in-paper: #f6f1e7;
  --in-paper-2: #ede6d8;
  --in-card: #fbf8f1;
  --in-ink: #141a22;
  --in-ink-2: #3b4452;
  --in-ink-3: #6f7784;
  --in-rule: rgba(20, 26, 34, 0.16);
  --in-rule-2: rgba(20, 26, 34, 0.09);
  --in-accent: #8f1f1f;
  --in-accent-soft: rgba(143, 31, 31, 0.12);
  --in-navy: #0d1b2a;
  --in-measure: 720px;
  --in-max: 1120px;
}

/* ---------- shared hero (dark) ---------- */
.in-hero {
  position: relative;
  padding: 150px 6vw 56px;
  background:
    radial-gradient(ellipse at 50% 0%, rgba(38, 92, 80, 0.5), transparent 65%),
    linear-gradient(180deg, #16413a 0%, #10312b 55%, #0d1b2a 100%);
}
.in-hero-inner { max-width: var(--in-max); margin: 0 auto; }
.in-crumbs { font-size: 0.78rem; letter-spacing: 0.4px; color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.55); margin-bottom: 26px; }
.in-crumbs a { color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.75); text-decoration: none; }
.in-crumbs a:hover { color: #fff; }
.in-crumbs span { margin: 0 8px; opacity: 0.5; }
.in-hero .eyebrow { margin-bottom: 16px; color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.6); }
.in-hero h1 {
  font-family: var(--font-display); font-weight: 300; letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  font-size: clamp(2.1rem, 4.2vw, 3.6rem); line-height: 1.1; color: #fff; max-width: 900px;
}
.in-standfirst { margin-top: 22px; max-width: 740px; font-size: clamp(1.02rem, 1.3vw, 1.18rem); line-height: 1.75; color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.82); }
.in-meta {
  display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px 26px; align-items: center;
  margin-top: 34px; padding-top: 22px; border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.14);
  font-size: 0.84rem; color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);
}
.in-meta strong { color: #fff; font-weight: 500; }
.in-meta .in-dot { opacity: 0.35; }

/* ---------- hub hero (photograph) ---------- */
.in-hero--hub {
  min-height: 62vh; display: flex; align-items: flex-end; padding-bottom: 72px;
  background-color: var(--in-navy);
  background-image: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(10, 18, 28, 0.55) 0%, rgba(10, 18, 28, 0.35) 40%, rgba(10, 18, 28, 0.92) 100%), var(--in-hero-img);
  background-size: cover; background-position: center 35%;
}
.in-hero--hub .in-hero-inner { width: 100%; }
.in-kick { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 14px; font-size: 0.72rem; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: 3px; text-transform: uppercase; color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.75); margin-bottom: 22px; }
.in-kick::before { content: ''; width: 36px; height: 2px; background: var(--in-accent); }
.in-hero--hub h1 { font-size: clamp(3.4rem, 8vw, 7rem); line-height: 0.98; font-weight: 300; letter-spacing: -0.02em; }
.in-hero--hub .in-standfirst { font-size: clamp(1.08rem, 1.5vw, 1.32rem); max-width: 680px; margin-top: 26px; color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.88); }
.in-hero--hub .in-hero-note { margin-top: 30px; font-size: 0.8rem; letter-spacing: 0.3px; color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.55); }

/* ---------- paper ---------- */
.in-paper { background: var(--in-paper); color: var(--in-ink); }
.in-wrap { max-width: var(--in-max); margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 6vw; }
.in-label { font-family: var(--font-body); font-size: 0.68rem; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: 2.6px; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--in-accent); }

/* lead article: typographic card */
.in-lead { padding: 64px 0 16px; }
a.in-lead-card {
  display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 200px; gap: 40px; align-items: center;
  padding: 44px 48px; background: var(--in-card); border: 1px solid var(--in-rule-2); border-top: 2px solid var(--in-navy);
  text-decoration: none; color: inherit; transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease, border-color 0.3s ease;
}
a.in-lead-card:hover, a.in-lead-card:focus-visible { transform: translateY(-3px); box-shadow: 0 18px 40px rgba(20, 26, 34, 0.12); border-top-color: var(--in-accent); outline: none; }
.in-lead-copy .in-label { display: block; margin-bottom: 18px; }
.in-lead-copy h2 { font-family: var(--font-display); font-weight: 400; font-size: clamp(1.8rem, 3vw, 2.7rem); line-height: 1.12; letter-spacing: -0.015em; color: var(--in-ink); max-width: 22ch; }
a.in-lead-card:hover .in-lead-copy h2 { color: var(--in-accent); }
.in-lead-copy p { margin-top: 16px; font-size: 1.05rem; line-height: 1.6; color: var(--in-ink-2); max-width: 60ch; }
.in-lead-copy .in-card-meta { margin-top: 26px; justify-content: flex-start; gap: 28px; }
.in-lead-mark { width: 200px; height: 200px; display: block; justify-self: end; }

/* card meta and the read link, shared */
.in-card-meta { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 16px; font-size: 0.8rem; color: var(--in-ink-3); }
.in-read { font-weight: 600; color: var(--in-accent); white-space: nowrap; }
.in-read .arr { display: inline-block; transition: transform 0.3s ease; margin-left: 4px; }
a:hover .in-read .arr { transform: translateX(4px); }

/* clusters */
.in-cluster { padding: 52px 0 8px; }
.in-cluster-head {
  display: grid; grid-template-columns: 290px minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 10px 48px; align-items: baseline;
  padding-bottom: 18px; margin-bottom: 26px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--in-rule); position: relative;
}
.in-cluster-head::after { content: ''; position: absolute; left: 0; bottom: -1px; width: 44px; height: 2px; background: var(--in-accent); }
.in-cluster-head h2 { font-family: var(--font-display); font-weight: 400; font-size: clamp(1.7rem, 2.4vw, 2.15rem); line-height: 1.1; letter-spacing: -0.01em; }
.in-cluster-head p { font-size: 0.98rem; line-height: 1.6; color: var(--in-ink-2); max-width: 62ch; }
.in-cards { display: grid; gap: 22px; }
.in-cards--3 { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
.in-cards--2 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
.in-cards--1 { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
a.in-card {
  display: flex; flex-direction: column; min-height: 280px; padding: 30px 30px 26px;
  background: var(--in-card); border: 1px solid var(--in-rule-2); border-top: 2px solid var(--in-rule);
  text-decoration: none; color: inherit;
  transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease, border-color 0.3s ease;
}
a.in-card:hover, a.in-card:focus-visible { transform: translateY(-4px); box-shadow: 0 16px 34px rgba(20, 26, 34, 0.12); border-top-color: var(--in-accent); outline: none; }
a.in-card h3 { font-family: var(--font-display); font-weight: 500; font-size: 1.62rem; line-height: 1.16; letter-spacing: -0.012em; color: var(--in-ink); margin-bottom: 16px; }
a.in-card:hover h3 { color: var(--in-accent); }
a.in-card p { font-size: 0.94rem; line-height: 1.62; color: var(--in-ink-2); }
a.in-card .in-card-meta { margin-top: auto; padding-top: 24px; }
/* a single card reads as a wide, two-column feature */
.in-cards--1 a.in-card { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.1fr) minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 16px 48px; min-height: 0; padding: 36px 40px; align-items: start; }
.in-cards--1 a.in-card h3 { font-size: clamp(1.6rem, 2.4vw, 2.1rem); grid-row: 1 / span 2; margin: 0; }
.in-cards--1 a.in-card p { margin: 0; }
.in-cards--1 a.in-card .in-card-meta { padding-top: 8px; }
/* two cards: half width each, a little roomier */
.in-cards--2 a.in-card { padding: 34px 36px 28px; }
.in-cards--2 a.in-card h3 { font-size: 1.8rem; max-width: 24ch; }

/* alumni */
.in-voices-section { padding: 64px 0 0; }
.in-voices { padding: 34px 0 28px; border-top: 1px solid var(--in-rule); display: grid; grid-template-columns: auto minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 28px; align-items: center; }
.in-faces { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; row-gap: 6px; max-width: 420px; }
.in-faces img { width: 52px; height: 52px; border-radius: 50%; object-fit: cover; border: 2px solid var(--in-paper); margin-left: -12px; background: var(--in-paper-2); }
.in-faces img:first-child { margin-left: 0; }
.in-voices p { font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.6; color: var(--in-ink-2); max-width: 64ch; }
.in-voices p strong { color: var(--in-ink); font-weight: 600; }
.in-voices-more { margin: 22px 0 0; font-size: 0.92rem; }
.in-voices-more a { color: var(--in-accent); font-weight: 600; text-decoration: none; }
.in-voices-more a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
.in-voices-more .arr { display: inline-block; margin-left: 4px; }
/* the alumni site's testimonial card, as it appears there */
.t-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr)); gap: 22px; }
.t-card { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 72px minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 18px; align-items: start; background: #fff; border: 1px solid var(--in-rule-2); padding: 20px; text-decoration: none; color: var(--in-ink); transition: border-color 0.2s, transform 0.2s; }
.t-card:hover { border-color: var(--in-accent); transform: translateY(-2px); color: var(--in-ink); }
.card-photo { width: 72px; height: 72px; border-radius: 50%; object-fit: cover; filter: saturate(0.9); }
.card-photo--initial { display: grid; place-items: center; background: var(--in-paper-2); color: var(--in-accent); font-family: var(--font-display); font-size: 1.6rem; }
.card-body { min-width: 0; }
.card-meta { font-size: 0.8rem; color: var(--in-ink-3); margin: 0 0 6px; line-height: 1.3; }
.card-name { font-family: var(--font-body); font-size: 1.08rem; font-weight: 700; color: var(--in-ink); letter-spacing: -0.01em; }
.card-aff { font-size: 0.8rem; }
.card-title { font-family: var(--font-display); font-weight: 500; font-size: 1.12rem; line-height: 1.3; margin: 0 0 8px; color: var(--in-ink); display: -webkit-box; -webkit-line-clamp: 2; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; overflow: hidden; }
.card-quote { font-family: var(--font-body); font-size: 0.92rem; line-height: 1.55; color: var(--in-ink-2); margin: 0 0 12px; display: -webkit-box; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; overflow: hidden; }
.card-foot { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: baseline; gap: 12px; margin: 0; }
.card-date { font-size: 0.76rem; letter-spacing: 0.08em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--in-ink-3); }
.card-more { font-family: var(--font-body); font-size: 0.8rem; font-weight: 600; color: var(--in-accent); white-space: nowrap; }
.card-more .arr { display: inline-block; transition: transform 0.2s; }
.t-card:hover .card-more .arr { transform: translateX(4px); }

/* the quiet note */
.in-howwritten { margin-top: 56px; padding: 40px 0 80px; border-top: 1px solid var(--in-rule); display: grid; grid-template-columns: 290px minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 24px 48px; align-items: start; position: relative; }
.in-howwritten::before { content: ''; position: absolute; left: 0; top: -1px; width: 44px; height: 2px; background: var(--in-accent); }
.in-howwritten .in-label { padding-top: 8px; }
.in-howwritten p { font-family: var(--font-display); font-weight: 300; font-size: 1.3rem; line-height: 1.55; color: var(--in-ink); max-width: 60ch; }
.in-howwritten p + p { margin-top: 0.8em; }
.in-howwritten p:first-child::first-letter { color: var(--in-accent); }

/* ---------- article layout ---------- */
.in-photo { max-width: var(--in-max); margin: -40px auto 0; padding: 0 6vw; position: relative; }
.in-photo img { width: 100%; max-height: 520px; object-fit: cover; display: block; border: 1px solid var(--in-rule-2); background: var(--in-paper-2); }
.in-photo figcaption { margin-top: 10px; font-size: 0.8rem; color: var(--in-ink-3); }
.in-layout {
  max-width: var(--in-max); margin: 0 auto; padding: 48px 6vw 80px;
  display: grid; grid-template-columns: 250px minmax(0, var(--in-measure)); gap: 64px; align-items: start;
}
.in-layout > * { min-width: 0; }
.in-side { position: sticky; top: 100px; }
.in-side h2 { font-family: var(--font-body); font-size: 0.68rem; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: 2.5px; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--in-ink-3); margin-bottom: 14px; }
.in-toc { list-style: none; margin: 0 0 30px; padding: 0; border-left: 1px solid var(--in-rule); }
.in-toc li { margin: 0; }
.in-toc a { display: block; padding: 7px 0 7px 16px; font-size: 0.86rem; line-height: 1.45; color: var(--in-ink-2); text-decoration: none; border-left: 2px solid transparent; margin-left: -1px; }
.in-toc a:hover { color: var(--in-ink); border-left-color: var(--in-accent); }
.in-side .in-leads { font-size: 0.88rem; line-height: 1.7; color: var(--in-ink-2); }
.in-side .in-leads a { color: var(--in-ink); font-weight: 500; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--in-rule); }
.in-side .in-leads a:hover { color: var(--in-accent); border-bottom-color: var(--in-accent); }

.in-body { font-size: 1.06rem; line-height: 1.8; }
.in-body > * + * { margin-top: 1.1em; }
.in-body h2 {
  font-family: var(--font-display); font-weight: 400; font-size: clamp(1.55rem, 2.4vw, 2rem); line-height: 1.2; letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  color: var(--in-ink); margin-top: 2.3em; padding-top: 1em; border-top: 1px solid var(--in-rule);
}
.in-body h2:first-child { margin-top: 0; padding-top: 0; border-top: 0; }
.in-body h3 { font-family: var(--font-display); font-weight: 500; font-size: 1.24rem; line-height: 1.3; margin-top: 1.8em; }
.in-body p { color: var(--in-ink); }
.in-body a { color: var(--in-ink); text-decoration: underline; text-decoration-color: rgba(143, 31, 31, 0.45); text-underline-offset: 3px; }
.in-body a:hover { color: var(--in-accent); text-decoration-color: var(--in-accent); }
.in-body ul, .in-body ol { padding-left: 1.3em; }
.in-body li { margin-bottom: 0.45em; }
.in-body li::marker { color: var(--in-accent); }
.in-body strong { font-weight: 600; }
.in-body sup { font-size: 0.7em; }

.in-key { background: var(--in-paper-2); border-top: 2px solid var(--in-accent); padding: 22px 26px; margin-bottom: 36px; }
.in-key h2 { font-family: var(--font-body); font-size: 0.68rem; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: 2.5px; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--in-accent); margin: 0 0 12px; padding: 0; border: 0; }
.in-key ul { margin: 0; padding-left: 1.2em; }
.in-key li { font-size: 0.98rem; line-height: 1.6; margin-bottom: 0.55em; }
.in-key li:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }

.in-note { background: var(--in-paper-2); border-left: 3px solid var(--in-accent); padding: 18px 22px; font-size: 0.96rem; line-height: 1.7; }

/* alumni quotes: the most credible thing on the page */
.in-quote {
  margin: 2.2em 0; padding: 28px 30px 24px 30px; background: var(--in-card); border: 1px solid var(--in-rule-2); border-left: 3px solid var(--in-accent);
  display: grid; grid-template-columns: 72px minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 22px; align-items: start;
}
.in-quote .in-quote-face { width: 72px; height: 72px; border-radius: 50%; object-fit: cover; border: 1px solid var(--in-rule); background: var(--in-paper-2); }
.in-quote.in-quote--noface { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
.in-quote blockquote { margin: 0; font-family: var(--font-display); font-weight: 300; font-size: 1.32rem; line-height: 1.45; color: var(--in-ink); }
.in-quote blockquote p::before { content: '\201C'; color: var(--in-accent); margin-right: 1px; }
.in-quote blockquote p:last-child::after { content: '\201D'; color: var(--in-accent); margin-left: 1px; }
.in-quote blockquote p + p { margin-top: 0.6em; }
.in-quote figcaption { margin-top: 14px; font-size: 0.84rem; color: var(--in-ink-3); }
.in-quote figcaption strong { color: var(--in-ink); font-weight: 600; }
.in-quote figcaption a { color: var(--in-accent); text-decoration: none; font-weight: 500; }
.in-quote figcaption a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }

.in-table-wrap { overflow-x: auto; margin: 1.6em 0; border: 1px solid var(--in-rule-2); background: var(--in-card); }
.in-body table { width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 0.9rem; line-height: 1.5; }
.in-body th, .in-body td { padding: 10px 14px; text-align: left; vertical-align: top; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--in-rule-2); }
.in-body th { font-size: 0.7rem; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: 1.5px; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--in-ink-3); background: var(--in-paper-2); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--in-rule); }
.in-body td.num, .in-body th.num { text-align: right; font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; white-space: nowrap; }
.in-body tr.total td { font-weight: 600; border-top: 1px solid var(--in-rule); background: rgba(143, 31, 31, 0.04); }
.in-body caption { caption-side: bottom; text-align: left; font-size: 0.8rem; color: var(--in-ink-3); padding: 10px 14px; }

.in-figure { margin: 2em 0; }
.in-figure svg { width: 100%; height: auto; display: block; background: var(--in-card); border: 1px solid var(--in-rule-2); }
.in-figure figcaption { margin-top: 10px; font-size: 0.82rem; color: var(--in-ink-3); line-height: 1.5; }
.in-figure figcaption::before { content: 'Figure'; display: inline-block; font-size: 0.64rem; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: 2px; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--in-accent); margin-right: 10px; }

.in-faq dt { font-weight: 600; margin-top: 1.2em; }
.in-faq dd { margin: 0.4em 0 0; }

.in-lead-to { margin-top: 56px; padding: 32px 34px; background: var(--in-navy); color: #fff; border-top: 3px solid var(--in-accent); }
.in-lead-to .eyebrow { color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); margin-bottom: 12px; }
.in-lead-to h2 { font-family: var(--font-display); font-weight: 300; font-size: 1.65rem; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0 0 12px; }
.in-lead-to p { font-size: 0.96rem; line-height: 1.7; color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.78); max-width: 60ch; }
.in-lead-to .btn-outline { margin-top: 18px; }

.in-author { margin-top: 40px; padding-top: 26px; border-top: 1px solid var(--in-rule); display: grid; gap: 10px; font-size: 0.92rem; line-height: 1.65; color: var(--in-ink-2); }
.in-author h2 { font-family: var(--font-body); font-size: 0.68rem; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: 2.5px; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--in-accent); margin: 0; }
.in-author strong { color: var(--in-ink); }
.in-author a { color: var(--in-ink); }

.in-related { margin-top: 44px; }
.in-related h2 { font-family: var(--font-body); font-size: 0.68rem; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: 2.5px; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--in-accent); margin-bottom: 8px; }
.in-related ul { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
.in-related li { padding: 14px 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--in-rule-2); }
.in-related a { font-family: var(--font-display); font-size: 1.14rem; color: var(--in-ink); text-decoration: none; }
.in-related a:hover { color: var(--in-accent); }
.in-related small { display: block; margin-top: 3px; color: var(--in-ink-3); font-size: 0.84rem; }

.in-disclaimer { max-width: var(--in-max); margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 6vw 48px; font-size: 0.78rem; line-height: 1.7; color: var(--in-ink-3); }

@media (max-width: 1000px) {
  .in-layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 30px; }
  .in-side { position: static; }
  .in-toc, .in-side .in-leads, .in-side h2 { display: none; }
  a.in-lead-card { grid-template-columns: 1fr; padding: 34px 32px; }
  .in-lead-mark { display: none; }
  .in-cluster-head { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 8px; }
  .in-cards--3 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
  .in-cards--1 a.in-card { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .in-cards--1 a.in-card h3 { grid-row: auto; }
  .in-howwritten { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 14px; }
  .in-voices { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 18px; }
  .t-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
}
@media (max-width: 640px) {
  .in-hero { padding: 120px 6vw 44px; }
  .in-hero--hub { min-height: 0; padding-top: 140px; padding-bottom: 52px; }
  .in-body { font-size: 1rem; }
  .in-quote { grid-template-columns: 1fr; padding: 20px 20px; }
  .in-quote .in-quote-face { width: 56px; height: 56px; }
  .in-quote blockquote { font-size: 1.15rem; }
  .in-lead-to { padding: 24px 22px; }
  .in-photo { margin-top: -24px; }
  .in-cards--3, .in-cards--2, .t-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  a.in-card { min-height: 0; padding: 26px 24px 22px; }
  a.in-card h3, .in-cards--2 a.in-card h3 { font-size: 1.45rem; }
  .in-faces img { width: 44px; height: 44px; }
  a.in-lead-card { padding: 28px 24px; }
}